Concrete form



H. HAYES CONCRETE FORM Sept. 29, 1936.

Filed July 9, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR 1715 41 25 ATTORNEY Sept.29, 1936. H. HAYES I 2,055,977

CONCRETE FORM Filed July 9', 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 A TTORNE Y Sept. 29,1936. H. HAYES 2,055,977

CONCRETE FORM Filed July 9, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet s v r V I INVENTOR Sept.29, 1936. V H HAYES 2,055,977

CONCRETE FdRM Filed July 9, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 W/\-) l Y m \Mgajl Z742 7 79 77 4.5 INVENTOR 43 17141; AMI 5 Patented Sept. 29, 1936 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE 2.055.911 concaa'm roam mu nae-,1... Angeles,Calif.- Application July 9. 1934, Serial No. 134,305

7 Claims. (01. 25-131) This invention relates to building construction,and particularly pertains to'forms for concrete building structures.

In constructing a building of concrete or other cementitious material,the commercial success of the enterprise is directly concerned with theconstruction and arrangement of the concrete forms, the ease andaccuracy with which they may be set in place and removed, and the degreeof good workmanship which is obtained by their use. It is the principalobject of the present invention, therefore, to provide a form structurewith which the walls of concrete buildings and the like may be made,said form elements being. readily assembled and easily adjusted tomaintain proper level and position, thus insuring straight walls and theelimination of unsightly joints, and which form elements may be easilymanipulated to be removed from their operative positions after aconcrete wall has been made.

The present invention contemplates the provision of form elements havingplane casting faces, being provided with means whereby they may bereadily set into position, adjusted and held in a manner to insure asubstantial support and casting form for concrete and the like.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a view in vertical section and perspective showing an outsidecorner of a building wall to which the forms of the present inventionare applied.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view in vertical section and elevation showing therelation of the inside and outside forms to a wall being cast, and tocollapsible core forms utilized to provide a hollowor cellular wall,said view being taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a view. in transverse horizontal section through a section ofwall formed with the present devices, and particularly showing thecollapsible core form in place.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing a cast cellular concrete wallwith the collapsible core forms in contracted positions ready to beremoved.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view in elevation showing a section of wallform, and particularly disclosing the leveling means and the edge lockmeans.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view and plan looking down upon the top of thewall as seen on the line 6--6 of Fig. 2, and particularly disclosing themanner in which the side forms are tem: porarily held together and thecollapsible core forms are covered and tied together.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary view in section as seen on the line1-1 of Fig. 6, and as 6 particularly disclosing the tie betweencontiguous collapsible core forms.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view in transverse section as seen onthe line 8-8 of Fig. 5, and as showing the manner in which 10 abuttingedgesof wall forms are drawn together and temporarily locked.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, It indicates a wall of' abuilding structure formed of cementitious material with the aid i ofform elements with which the present invention is concerned. This wallis constructed in conjunction with a concrete footing H, usually set inthe ground to form a foundation, and which has a projecting portion l2of a width agreeing with that of the wall to be formed. When the footingis cast or poured, tie bolts l3 are placed horizontally through it atsuitable intervals adjacent the top thereof. The top face is formed witha channelrecess ll centrally thereto to provide parallel upstandingedges l5 at the opposite sides of the channel. when the footing has beencastand has been properly set, angle base rails II are disposed alongthe opposite side faces of the projecting portion l2 of the footing andare secured in position by the bolts ll. Vertically slotted openings iiiare forms through the vertical legs of the angle 'sections toaccommodate the bolts. Yoke memhers I! encompass each of the. bolts andreceive the .end 20 of an adjusted shackle 2| through which the boltextends. Nuts 22 are carried by the extending ends 20 of the adjustedshackles 2| and make it possible to readily adjust the horizontal legsof the angle members i1. so that they will be level and plumb.

1 After adjustment the nuts 23 of the bolts I! may be set tight to holdthe base rails in position. These rails are designed to support the wallforms. As here shown, outside wall forms 24 4 are provided, and insidewall forms.25. These vary in details, but, in general eifect, are thesame. Each of the wall forms is rectangular in shape, having arelatively thin sheet metal face plane 28' bounded at its edges bybracing angle elements 21 and reinforced in its intermediate area byvertical andhorizontal brace bars 28. When desired vertical trusses 29are used to give rigidity to the structure vertically, and horizon- 5stongue 32 which extend longitudinally of and are formed as a part of theupper face of each of the base rails I I. These tongues 32 will preventlateral displacement of the form elements and will also insure that theinside and outside. form elements 24 and 25 will be accurately spaced bymechanical means.

The upper edges of the vertical /bars not the outside form elements arereceived in an angle- 33 of a compound channel element 34. The upperedges of the vertical bars 28 of the inside form units are tied togetherby an angle member :5. Transverse tie clamps 36 are provided to hold theupper edges of the outer and inner form elements in position. Thesetieclamps are formed at one end with a hook portion 31 which hooks over theedge of the channel 34 and then at the opposite end with an angle lock38 which receives a clamp screw'39. The end of this screw extendsbeneath the A flange of the angle 35.

The clamp members 36 carry spacing members 38' on their under faces, theouter edges of said channels fitting between the inner plane faces ofthe members 26, while the inner faces of the spacing members 39 registerwith the opposite outer faces of collapsible core units 60 which will behereinafter described.

The contiguous abutting edges of the form units of either such asdesignated at 24 or 25 are provided with angles 21, as shown in Fig. 5.One leg of each angle'is fastened to the form plane 26 and the oppositelegs of adjacent angles are designed to accurately abut against eachother. A groove 4| is formed in one of said abutting faces and a tongue42 is formed in the other of said abutting faces. Registering openings43 occur through the abutting angle legs and receive a pin 44 having anenlarged head 45 and a relatively long shank which extends through andbeyond the legs of the angles. A transverse slot 46 is formed throughthe pin 44 and has an inclined face 41 at its outer end. A wedge pin 48is designed to be driven through the slot, it having one flat faceconforming to that of the face of the angle member and a tapered faceconforming to the tapered face 41 at the end of the slot 46. By thismeans the pin 44 may be drawn and driven tightly 'into place by thewedge 48 and will hold the abutting edges of the plates 26 so that therewill not be any open joint between them at 49. t,

In the corner of a building it is desirable to provide a corner elementcomprising an angle post 50 havinga plate 5| at its lower end formedwith channels to rest over the tongue 32 of the base rails IT. The upperends of the members 50 are designed to be temporarily secured to achannel 34. Inclined stay braces 52 are pivotally secured to the baserails l1 upon brackets 53 by pivot members 54 and extend upwardly andinwardly toward the corner post 50. A turn buckle structure 55 issecured to the free ends of each of the members 52 and engage brackets58 carried by the posts 50. By this means the posts 50 may beuniversally adjusted so that they are absolutely vertical and plumb.

In the event that a building with a solid wall is to be constructed, theforms may be set up and used as previously described. If, however, ahollow or cellular wall is required, collapsible core units areprovided. These units are particularly disclosed in Figures 2, 3, and 4of the drawings. Other details are shown in Figures 6 and 7. Each unitcomprises a pair of channel-like members 6| and 62 which extendvertically for any desired length and are constructed so that the freeedges of the legs of the channels shall overlap each other approximatelyalong a transverse vertical median line of the form.

The walls of the form elements 6| and 62 are formed of sheet metal whichpossesses sufficient inherent rigidity to present a rigid supportingstructure when desired, but which may be flexed under action of levermechanism to be hereinafter described. The core units 60 aresubstantially rectangular in horizontal cross section as formed by thetwo channel elements GI and 62, the legs of which form the longitudinalside walls of the core and the webs of which form the end walls of thecore. Mounted upon said end walls and on the inner face thereof arepivot angles 83 carrying pivot pins 64. These pins receive the outerends of a bifurcated lever 65, a central arm 66 of which extends towardthe transverse median line of the core and pivotally engage an actuatingbar 61. Sets of these arms are provided at various levels within thecore and are pivotally connected with the bar 61 through ears 68 andpivot pins 69. The bar 61 is preferably channelshaped to give itstiffness. The free ends of the channel legs of elements Gland 62 whichform the sides of the core are provided with sets of links 10 and IIrespectively. The links 10 connect to the relatively short legs of thechannel element 62 and are secured to the operating bar 61 in a positionto stand at a greater angle to the horizontal under normal conditionsthan the links 1|. The links H are secured to the relatively long legsof the channel element 6| and stand substantially horizontal normally.Due to this arrangement, upward movement of the operating bar 61 willcause a more rapid swinging movement of the links I0, so that therelatively short legs of the channel element 62 will be drawn inwardlyin advance of the overlapping relatively long legs of the channelelement 6|. This insures that the form along its sides may be readilydrawn away from the wall which it has molded. Attention is directed tothe fact that, while the horizontal section of the core units 80 issubstantially rectangular, there are, nevertheless, inclined portions 12which extend from the corner and for a distance along the sides of theform. These insure that, when the form is collapsed, the movement of theform elements will not be accompanied by a drag or shifting of thecorner during the collapsing action in a manner to cause them to beforced against the side wall of the cast material and to be thus wedgedthereagainst so tightly that the core would not be drawn away.

The core in its expanded and normal position is designed to fit at itslower end within the channel recess l4 of the portion l2 of the footingII. This will center the cores readily with relation to the footing andwill insure that walls of equal 'thickness will occur at opposite sidesof the core.

The upper ends of the cores, as has been previously explained, arespaced by the channel elements 39. It is also desirable to space thevarious core units along the length of the wall to be formed. This isdone in the manner particularly shown in Figures 6 and 7 of thedrawings, where each core unit 60 is fitted with a cover plate I3 havinga marginal flange 14 which fits inwardly I 2,055,977 around the edge ofthe core in its extended posi-' tion. Pins 15 project upwardly from oneend of eachcover plate, and openings are formed through the horizontalwall of the opposite ends of each cover plate. .The openings I6 receivecover pin elements I1 carried by a spacing plate 18, here shown asformed in the shape of the letter H.

The opposite end of each of the plates 18 is formed to be assumed, forexample, that the corner shown is an outside corner, and not a cornerwithin a room. The footing H is first formed to provide the necessaryfoundation and is cast with the channel recess M in its upper horizontalface. The base rails I! are then fastened in position and are properlylevelled by manipulation of the truss member 52. The channels 34 arethen mounted on the posts 50. The outside form structure 24 may then bemounted upon a corresponding base rail II, as has been previouslydescribed. The core units 60 may be placed in position at a time foundmost convenient, after which thetie bars 36 are disposed over the upperedges of the forms 25 to engage-channel 34 and angle 35 in the marinershown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The vertical edges of the form sectionsmay then be drawn tightly together by the fastening pins 44 and thewedge plates 48, as particularly shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. Afterthe covers 13 have been placed over the cores and disposed in spacingrelation to each other by the spacing plates 18-, the wall may then bepoured. When this has been done and the wall has properly set, the coresmay be removed. This is done by drawing upwardly on the operating bars61, which will simultaneously pull inwardly on the lever structures65,-the links Ill, and 'II,. This action will simultaneously contractthe core by drawing all of its walls inwardly at the same time, andthuspulling the form face of all of the core walls laterally and away fromthe molded face of the plastic wall which has been formed. The cores maythen be elevated and removed from the wall, after which the wall formelements 24 and 25 may be taken down.

It will thus be seen that the structure here described, while decidedlysimple, provides means for quickly setting up forms for casting a wallinsuring that the walls will be plumb and all of uniform thickness, andfurthermore, making it possible to readily dismantle the form structureand remove the elements from the cast wall without disturbing the wallwhich has been molded.

While I have shown the preferred form of my invention as now known tome, it will be understood that various changesmay be made in thecombination, construction, and arrangement of parts by those skilled inthe art without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.

Having thus described my invention, what I 3 claim and desire to secureby U. 8. Letters Patent is I 1. form structure for making concrete wallswhich comprises a foundation footing having a longitudinal channel inits upper horizontal face.

base rails disposed atopposite sides of said foot-.

ing, means'for fastening said base rails to the footing, means foradjusting the base rails with relation to said fastening means. a pairof wall forms, one disposed upon each of said base rails, means forinterlocking said forms with the base rails to hold the forms in uniformspaced relation to each other, and tie bars spanning the space betweenthe upper edges of the wall forms for securing said forms in uniformspaced relation to each other and agreeing with the space between thelower-edges of the wall forms.

v 2. A form structure for making concrete walls. which comprises afoundation footing having a longitudinal channel in its upper horizontalface, base rails disposed'at opposite sides of said footing, means forfastening said base rails to the footing, means for adjusting the baserails with relation to said fastening means, a pair of wall forms, onedisposed upon each of said base rails, means for interlocking said formswith the base rails to hold the forms in uniform spaced relation to eachother, and tie bars spanning the space between the upper edges of thewall forms for securing said forms inuniform spaced relation to eachother and agreeing with the space between the lower edges of the wallforms, collapsible core units adapted to fit with the lower ends ,in thechannel on the foundation footing, and means associated with the tiebars for centering the upper end of the cores with the wall forms.

3. A form structure for making concrete walls which comprises afoundation footing having a longitudinal channel in its upper horizontalface, base rails disposed at opposite sides of said footing, means forfastening said base rails to the footing, means for adjusting the baserails with relation to said fastening means, a pair of wall forms, onedisposed upon each of said base rails, means for interlocking said formswith the base rails to hold the forms in uniform spaced relation to eachother, and tie bars spanning the space between the upper edges of thewall forms for securing said forms in uniform spaced relation to eachother and agreeing with the space between the lower edges of the wallforms, collapsible core units adapted to fit with the lower ends in thechannel on the foundation footing, and means associated with the tiebars for centering the upper end of the cores with the wall forms, andmeans adaptably securing the cores with relation to each other to spacethe cores uniformly with relation to each other.

4. In a form structure for use in erecting concrete walls, a foundationfooting projecting above the surface of the ground and having parallel'vertical wall faces, fastening'means carried by the footing and fixedwith relation thereto, and a pair of form receiving base rails held bythe fastening means in abutting relation to the side walls of thefooting and extending longitudinally thereof whereby a level supportwill be provided for wall forms, and means acting in conjunction carriedby the wall footing and fixed with relation thereto; a base railextending horizontally along the vertical face of the footing andsecured in position by the fastening means, a wall form elementsupported upon the horizontal face of the base rail and interlockingtherewith, and means cooperating between said base rail and fasteningmeans for adiustably leveling the base rail and holding the same in alevel position in cooperation with the fastening means.

6. In a form structure for making concrete walls which comprises afoundation footing projecting upwardly from the surface of the groundand having opposite parallel vertical faces and a substantiallyhorizontal top face, a pair of base rails of angled section extendinghorizontally along the vertical faces, one leg of the section! abuttingagainst the contiguous vertical face of the other leg of the sectionextending horizontally for receiving wall form panels and meansfastening said base rails to the'foundation footing and adjusting saidrails whereby the rails will be level in a desired horizontal plane.

7. In a form structure for making concrete walls which comprises afoundation footing projecting upwardly from the surface of the groundand having opposite parallel vertical faces and a substantiallyhorizontal top face, a pair of base rails of angled section extendinghorizontally along the vertical faces, one leg of the section abuttingagainst the contiguous vertical face of the other leg of the sectionextending horizontally for receiving wall form panels and meansfastening said base rails to the foundation footing and adjusting saidrails whereby the rails will be level in a desired horizontal plane,form panels resting upon the horizontal legs of said rails andinterlocking therewith against lateral upper edges.

HAL HAYES.

